Formation of the North Caucasian Literature 20–30s of the 20th Century

The process of the initial development of North Caucasian prose, beginning from the twenties and thirties of the 20th century, is considered. The long-term influence of the Sholokhov humanistic tradition of depicting an art conflict as a guarantee of the life truth on the formation of North Caucasian prose is noted. An analogy between the novel M.A. Sholokhov "Virgin Soil Upturned" and the novel by T.M. Kerasheva "The Road to Happiness". It is shown that the excessive sociologization of artistic descriptions in
the "collective-production theme" impoverished the initial stage of the development of literature. However, at subsequent stages, an increasing manifestation of the hidden psychological and lyrical components of artistic works takes place, writers pay more attention to the personal values of the human laborer and the individualization of the characters' characters.
The authors draw the following conclusion. Philosophical and cultural discourse shows the justification of the hypothesis about the existence of a cultural pattern of the formation of North Caucasian prose. The most important regularity is the accelerated development of young national literatures in comparison with Russian (Soviet) literature. The autonomy of the national artistic form allows one to overcome the dilemma of externalism and internalism in the development of North Caucasian prose: from imitation, national literatures go to finding their national identity. A significant breakdown of ethnic spiritual and moral traditions is associated with the formation of the artistic and aesthetic tradition of North Caucasian prose about the village and the man of the village. The
dynamics of social, cultural and anthropological layers of works of art are logical. From the dominance of social issues in the form of a "productive-collective-farm theme," North Caucasian prose dynamically develops in the direction of an anthropological dimension of personal life through mediation with a layer of cultural values. Without explication of humanistic intentions in the 1920s and
1930s, the subsequent lyricization (psychologization) in the fifties and sixties would remain difficult to explain.